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Up to 12 per cent of women could be allergic to semen - some so severely that exposure could cause anaphylactic shock, a leading expert has claimed. Dr Michael Carroll, a lecturer in Reproductive Science at Manchester Metropolitan University, said that women aged 20 to 30 are thought to be worst affected, displaying symptoms immediately or up to one hour after exposure. Symptoms include irritation, itching, painful urination and eczema, but in the most severe cases, exposure to semen can cause a potentially fatal allergic reaction. Dr Carroll believes that while very few people have been diagnosed with a semen allergy, it could be common problem. He and his colleagues have carried out an unpublished survey which suggests that as many as 12 women per 100 could be affected.
Up to 12 per cent of women could be allergic to semen - some so severely that exposure could cause anaphylactic shock, a leading expert has claimed. Dr Michael Carroll, a lecturer in Reproductive Science at Manchester Metropolitan University, said that women aged 20 to 30 are thought to be worst affected, displaying symptoms immediately or up to one hour after exposure. Symptoms include irritation, itching, painful urination and eczema, but in the most severe cases, exposure to semen can cause a potentially fatal allergic reaction. Dr Carroll believes that while very few people have been diagnosed with a semen allergy, it could be common problem. He and his colleagues have carried out an unpublished survey which suggests that as many as 12 women per 100 could be affected.
In another paper, published in the
journal Human Fertility, Dr Carroll said that symptoms of
hypersensitivity to human semen (HHS) are often misdiagnosed due to
their similarity with other conditions, such as dermatitis (inflammation
of the skin) and some sexually transmitted diseases. Dr Carroll, and his colleagues at St Mary's Hospital in Manchester, diagnosed four
women with the condition based on the their clinical history and allergy
skin prick tests. Dr
Carroll separated the sperm cells from the semen.The seminal fluid and
the isolated sperm cells were used in allergy skin prick tests. An immune reaction was noted with the seminal fluid, but no reaction occurred with the isolated sperm. This demonstrated the allergy is caused
by a component in the seminal fluid - most likely a glycoprotein from
the prostate - as opposed to the actual sperm cells. This
means that someone who is allergic to one person's semen will be
allergic to all semen - changing partners will not help them to escape
the allergy.
Avoiding a reaction either by
abstinence or with condom use proved successful in all cases, although
this was obviously not an option for those wishing to start a family.
In
the paper, Dr Carroll wrote: ‘In addition to the reaction and physical
discomfort, women with HHS experience emotional stress due to the impact
it can have on their relationships and the concerns about family
planning.’
In severe cases
with a high risk of anaphylactic shock, sperm separated from the semen
and can be used in assisted reproductive technology. Dr
Carroll added: ‘There are numerous cases published of successful
pregnancies achieved naturally and through assisted reproductive
technology in women with this condition. We were able to reassure our
patients that HHS does not cause infertility.’ He believes that a lack of recognition
of the condition in the medical community may also be partly to blame
for the lack of diagnoses, along with patients not approaching doctors
about their symptoms.
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